Head lice

About Head lice

Pediculus humanus capitis (head lice) is a common scalp infestation, especially in school-aged children, spread by direct head-to-head contact. It causes itching and visible nits cemented to hair shafts near the scalp. Diagnosis is by finding live lice. Over-the-counter topical pediculicides such as permethrin 1% are first-line; resistant cases respond to ivermectin lotion, spinosad, or oral ivermectin. Wet combing and laundering of recently used bedding and clothing reduce reinfestation. Head lice are not associated with hygiene or disease transmission.